Gallery

Confocal microscopy image showing fluorescently labeled EGFR clustering at the plasma membrane of a cancer cell line following autocrine EGF stimulation and receptor activation.

Western blot analysis demonstrating phosphorylated EGFR and downstream Akt activation in cells expressing an autocrine EGF loop, compared to controls treated with neutralizing antibody.

Schematic diagram of the autocrine signaling cycle: ligand synthesis, ADAM protease-mediated shedding, extracellular diffusion, receptor binding and dimerization, and kinase domain transphosphorylation.

Cell viability assay results showing dose-dependent growth inhibition of an EGF-autocrine tumor cell line treated with erlotinib at concentrations from 0.1 nM to 10 uM over 72 hours.

Single-cell RNA sequencing UMAP visualization highlighting cell populations co-expressing autocrine ligand-receptor pairs, with CellChat-predicted self-stimulatory communication probabilities annotated.

Live cell imaging timelapse showing autocrine-driven migration of breast cancer cells in a scratch wound assay, with fluorescent EGFR tracking demonstrating receptor internalization during active signaling.

Protein interaction network diagram mapping the intracellular signaling cascade downstream of an activated autocrine RTK, showing branching Ras/MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathway activation nodes.

Immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissue sections showing co-localization of TGF-alpha ligand and EGFR in the same malignant cells, confirming active autocrine signaling in the tumor microenvironment.

Bar graph comparing proliferation rates of parental cells versus cells with CRISPR-deleted autocrine ligand expression, demonstrating that the autocrine loop contributes 60% of baseline mitogenic activity.